Chinese to Chinese Conversion

Over 700,000 items

Supports SC to TC conversions and vice versa

Supports orthographic and lexemic conversion

Overview

In 1996, CJKI launched a project whose goal was to develop a Chinese to Chinese conversion (C2C) system that supports Simplified to Traditional Chinese (SC>TC) and Traditional to Simplified Chinese (TC>SC) conversions that give near-perfect results. Orthographic conversion is mapping simplified forms to traditional forms on a character and word levels, such as SC 国家 to TC 國家 (‘country’) and vice versa, while lexemic conversion is mapping such as vocabulary items on a semantic level, such as SC 出租车 to TC 計程車 (‘taxi’) and vice versa.

C2C has been a major undertaking that required a considerable investment of funds and human resources. To this end, we have engaged in the following research and development activities:

In-depth investigation of technical and linguistic issues related to C2C

Research on Chinese word segmentation technology

Construction of comprehensive SC-TC mapping tables

To achieve a high level of conversion accuracy, our large-scale mapping tables include various other attributes, such as pinyin readings, grammatical information, part-of-speech codes, and semantic classification codes.

Attributes

Each entry is accompanied by various attributes, such as:

Code level mappings

In the SC-to-TC and TC-to-SC directions

Semantic classification codes

Such as orthographic or lexemic codes

Lexemic mappings

In the SC-to-TC and TC-to-SC directions

Orthographic mappings

In the SC-to-TC and TC-to-SC directions

Phonological information

Such as pinyin and zhuyin

Grammatical information

Such as part-of-speech codes

SC and TC Conversion

Type	SC	SC Pinyin	TC	TC Pinyin
O	鲍林	bào lín	鮑林	bào lín
O	抱拢	bào lǒng	抱攏	bào lǒng
O	报录	bào lù	報錄	bào lù
OP	暴露	bào lù	暴露	pù lù
O	暴乱	bào luàn	暴亂	bào luàn
O	鲍伦	bào lún	鮑倫	bào lún
O	鲍螺	bào luó	鮑螺	bào luó
O	抱锣	bào luó	抱鑼	bào luó
OP	显微镜	xiǎn wēi jìng	顕微鏡	xiǎn wéi jìng
O	国家	guó jiā	國家	guó jiā
OP	企业	qǐ yè	企業	qì yè
OP	危险	wēi xiǎn	危險	wéi xiǎn
O	计算机	jì suàn jī	計算機	jì suàn jī
L	计算机	jì suàn jī	電腦	diàn nǎo
O	电脑	diàn nǎo	電腦	diàn nǎo
L	出租车	chū zū chē	計程車	jì chéng chē
O	计程车	jì chéng chē	計程車	jì chéng chē
O	出租车	chū zū chē	出租車	chū zū chē
L	文件	wén jiàn	檔案	dǎng àn
OP	档案	dàng àn	檔案	dǎng àn
O	文件	wén jiàn	文件	wén jiàn
L	信息	xìn xī	資訊	zī xùn
OP	资讯	zī xùn	資訊	zī xùn
OP	信息	xìn xī	信息	xìn xí
L	信息	xìn xī	訊息	xùn xí
L	软件	ruǎn jiàn	軟體	ruǎn tǐ
O	软体	ruǎn tǐ	軟體	ruǎn tǐ
O	软件	ruǎn jiàn	軟件	ruǎn jiàn
L	星期	xīng qī	禮拜	lǐ bài
O	礼拜	lǐ bài	禮拜	lǐ bài
OP	星期	xīng qī	星期	xīng qí
O	暴掠	bào lüè	暴掠	bào lüè
O	报马	bào mǎ	報馬	bào mǎ
O	爆满	bào mǎn	爆滿	bào mǎn
O	鲍曼	bào màn	鮑曼	bào màn
O	豹猫	bào māo	豹貓	bào māo
O	鲍蒙	bào méng	鮑蒙	bào méng
O	暴民	bào mín	暴民	bào mín
O	报名	bào míng	報名	bào míng
O	爆鸣	bào míng	爆鳴	bào míng
O	报命	bào mìng	報命	bào mìng
O	鲍默	bào mò	鮑默	bào mò
O	鲍姆	bào mǔ	鮑姆	bào mǔ
O	报幕	bào mù	報幕	bào mù
O	鲍纳	bào nà	鮑納	bào nà
O	鲍楠	bào nán	鮑楠	bào nán
O	鲍宁	bào níng	鮑寧	bào níng
L	连词	lián cí	連接詞	lián jiē cí
L	递归	dì guī	遞迴	dì huí
L	邮递员	yóu dì yuán	郵差	yóu chāi
L	铺位	pù wèi	舖位	pù wèi
L	页岩	yè yán	葉岩	yè yán
L	项链	xiàng liàn	項鍊	xiàng liàn
L	项目	xiàng mù	專案	zhuān àn
L	饭铺	fàn pù	飯舖	fàn pù
L	饭盒	fàn hé	便當	biàn dāng
L	马克	mǎ kè	梅克	méi kè
L	马克思	mǎ kè sī	馬克斯	mǎ kè sī
L	阿萨姆	ā sà mǔ	阿薩密	ā sà mì
L	阿达	ā dá	艾達	ài dá
L	印地语	yìn dì yǔ	北印度語	běi yìn dù yǔ
L	因子	yīn zǐ	因數	yīn shù
L	安山岩	ān shān yán	安山石	ān shān shí
L	宇航员	yǔ háng yuán	太空飛行員	tài kōng fēi xíng yuán
O	众论	zhòng lùn	眾論	zhòng lùn
O	众说	zhòng shuō	眾說	zhòng shuō
O	众位	zhòng wèi	眾位	zhòng wèi
O	众院	zhòng yuàn	眾院	zhòng yuàn
O	众寡	zhòng guǎ	眾寡	zhòng guǎ
O	众庶	zhòng shù	眾庶	zhòng shù
O	众人	zhòng rén	眾人	zhòng rén
O	众数	zhòng shù	眾數	zhòng shù
O	众生	zhòng shēng	眾生	zhòng shēng
O	众生相	zhòng shēng xiàng	眾生相	zhòng shēng xiàng
O	众多	zhòng duō	眾多	zhòng duō
O	众怒	zhòng nù	眾怒	zhòng nù
O	众望	zhòng wàng	眾望	zhòng wàng
O	优乐	yōu lè	優樂	yōu lè
O	优优	yōu yōu	優優	yōu yōu
O	优养化	yōu yǎng huà	優養化	yōu yǎng huà
O	优势	yōu shì	優勢	yōu shì
O	优势种	yōu shì zhǒng	優勢種	yōu shì zhǒng
O	优处	yōu chù	優處	yōu chù
O	优奖	yōu jiǎng	優獎	yōu jiǎng
O	优异	yōu yì	優異	yōu yì
O	优抚	yōu fǔ	優撫	yōu fǔ
O	优昙华	yōu tán huá	優曇華	yōu tán huá
O	优胜	yōu shèng	優勝	yōu shèng
O	优胜者	yōu shèng zhě	優勝者	yōu shèng zhě
O	优诏	yōu zhào	優詔	yōu zhào
O	优贡	yōu gòng	優貢	yōu gòng
O	优质	yōu zhì	優質	yōu zhì
O	优选法	yōu xuǎn fǎ	優選法	yōu xuǎn fǎ
O	优钵罗	yōu bō luó	優缽羅	yōu bō luó
O	优长	yōu cháng	優長	yōu cháng
O	优闲	yōu xián	優閒	yōu xián
O	优育	yōu yù	優育	yōu yù
O	优渥	yōu wò	優渥	yōu wò
O	优越	yōu yuè	優越	yōu yuè
O	优越感	yōu yuè gǎn	優越感	yōu yuè gǎn
O	优越性	yōu yuè xìng	優越性	yōu yuè xìng
O	优雅	yōu yǎ	優雅	yōu yǎ
O	优化	yōu huà	優化	yōu huà
O	优格	yōu gé	優格	yōu gé
O	优角	yōu jiǎo	優角	yōu jiǎo
O	优遇	yōu yù	優遇	yōu yù
O	优境学	yōu jìng xué	優境學	yōu jìng xué
O	优厚	yōu hòu	優厚	yōu hòu
O	优弧	yōu hú	優弧	yōu hú
O	优秀	yōu xiù	優秀	yōu xiù
O	优柔	yōu róu	優柔	yōu róu
O	优笑	yōu xiào	優笑	yōu xiào
O	优人	yōu rén	優人	yōu rén
O	优先	yōu xiān	優先	yōu xiān
O	优先权	yōu xiān quán	優先權	yōu xiān quán
O	优生	yōu shēng	優生	yōu shēng
O	优生学	yōu shēng xué	優生學	yōu shēng xué
O	优待	yōu dài	優待	yōu dài
O	优待券	yōu dài quàn	優待券	yōu dài quàn
O	优地槽	yōu dì cáo	優地槽	yōu dì cáo
O	优点	yōu diǎn	優點	yōu diǎn
O	优等	yōu děng	優等	yōu děng
O	优等生	yōu děng shēng	優等生	yōu děng shēng
O	优婆夷	yōu pó yí	優婆夷	yōu pó yí
O	优婆塞	yōu pó sāi	優婆塞	yōu pó sāi
O	优比	yōu bǐ	優比	yōu bǐ
O	优美	yōu měi	優美	yōu měi
O	优裕	yōu yù	優裕	yōu yù
O	优容	yōu róng	優容	yōu róng
OP	优酪乳	yōu lào rǔ	優酪乳	yōu luò rǔ
O	优伶	yōu líng	優伶	yōu líng
O	优礼	yōu lǐ	優禮	yōu lǐ
O	优劣	yōu liè	優劣	yōu liè
O	优良	yōu liáng	優良	yōu liáng
O	优假	yōu jiǎ	優假	yōu jiǎ
O	优价	yōu jià	優價	yōu jià
O	优于	yōu yú	優於	yōu yú
O	优恤	yōu xù	優恤	yōu xù
O	优惠	yōu huì	優惠	yōu huì
O	优游	yōu yóu	優游	yōu yóu
OP	优洽	yōu qià	優洽	yōu xiá
O	伙买	huǒ mǎi	伙買	huǒ mǎi
O	伙计	huǒ jì	伙計	huǒ jì
O	伙吃	huǒ chī	伙吃	huǒ chī
O	伙食	huǒ shi	伙食	huǒ shi
O	伙食团	huǒ shí tuán	伙食團	huǒ shí tuán
O	伙食费	huǒ shí fèi	伙食費	huǒ shí fèi
O	伙着用	huǒ zhe yòng	伙著用	huǒ zhe yòng
O	伙同	huǒ tóng	夥同	huǒ tóng
O	伙伴	huǒ bàn	夥伴	huǒ bàn
O	伙夫	huǒ fū	伙伕	huǒ fū
O	伙房	huǒ fáng	伙房	huǒ fáng
O	伙用	huǒ yòng	伙用	huǒ yòng
O	伛伛	yǔ yǔ	傴傴	yǔ yǔ
OP	伛偻	yǔ lǚ	傴僂	yǔ lóu
O	伛兜	yǔ dōu	傴兜	yǔ dōu
O	伛拊	yǔ fǔ	傴拊	yǔ fǔ
O	伞降	sǎn jiàng	傘降	sǎn jiàng
O	伞包	sǎn bāo	傘包	sǎn bāo
O	伞兵	sǎn bīng	傘兵	sǎn bīng
O	伞幄	sǎn wò	繖幄	sǎn wò
O	伟业	wěi yè	偉業	wěi yè
OP	伟绩	wěi jì	偉績	wěi jī
O	伟观	wěi guān	偉觀	wěi guān
O	伟器	wěi qì	偉器	wěi qì
O	伟岸	wěi àn	偉岸	wěi àn
O	伟丈夫	wěi zhàng fū	偉丈夫	wěi zhàng fū
O	伟晶岩	wěi jīng yán	偉晶岩	wěi jīng yán
O	伟人	wěi rén	偉人	wěi rén
O	伟大	wěi dà	偉大	wěi dà
O	伟服	wěi fú	偉服	wěi fú
O	伟力	wěi lì	偉力	wěi lì
O	伟懋	wěi mào	偉懋	wěi mào
O	传习	chuán xí	傳習	chuán xí
O	传书鸽	chuán shū gē	傳書鴿	chuán shū gē
O	传动	chuán dòng	傳動	chuán dòng
O	传动带	chuán dòng dài	傳動帶	chuán dòng dài
O	传动比	chuán dòng bǐ	傳動比	chuán dòng bǐ
O	传单	chuán dān	傳單	chuán dān
O	传发	chuán fā	傳發	chuán fā
O	传唤	chuán huàn	傳喚	chuán huàn
O	传审	chuán shěn	傳審	chuán shěn
O	传导	chuán dǎo	傳導	chuán dǎo
O	传帮带	chuán bāng dài	傳幫帶	chuán bāng dài
O	传扬	chuán yáng	傳揚	chuán yáng
O	传报	chuán bào	傳報	chuán bào
O	传热	chuán rè	傳熱	chuán rè
O	传电	chuán diàn	傳電	chuán diàn
O	传种	chuán zhǒng	傳種	chuán zhǒng
O	传红线	chuán hóng xiàn	傳紅線	chuán hóng xiàn
O	传经	chuán jīng	傳經	chuán jīng
O	传统	chuán tǒng	傳統	chuán tǒng
O	传统戏	chuán tǒng xì	傳統戲	chuán tǒng xì
O	传胪	chuán lú	傳臚	chuán lú
O	传艺	chuán yì	傳藝	chuán yì
O	传见	chuán jiàn	傳見	chuán jiàn
O	传观	chuán guān	傳觀	chuán guān
O	传讯	chuán xùn	傳訊	chuán xùn
O	传记	chuán jì	傳記	chuán jì
O	传记片	chuán jì piàn	傳記片	chuán jì piàn

Chinese to Chinese Conversion

Over 700,000 items

Supports SC to TC conversions and vice versa

Supports orthographic and lexemic conversion

Overview

In-depth investigation of technical and linguistic issues related to C2C

Research on Chinese word segmentation technology

Construction of comprehensive SC-TC mapping tables

Attributes

Code level mappings

Semantic classification codes

Lexemic mappings

Orthographic mappings

Phonological information

Grammatical information

SC and TC Conversion

Practical Applications

Machine translation into TC

SC-to-TC and TC-to-SC conversion

Machine translation into SC

Reference Documents

The Pitfalls and Complexities of Chinese to Chinese Conversion

Orthographic Variation in Chinese

The Role of Lexical Resources in CJK Natural Language Processing

Simplified Chinese to Traditional Chinese Conversion Sample

Linguistic Issues in Chinese to Chinese Conversion

Very Large-scale Lexical Resources to Enhance Chinese and Japanese Machine Translation

Exploiting Lexical Resources for Disambiguating Orthographic CJK and Arabic Orthographic Variants

Related Resources

Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Database

Chinese-English Personal Names

Chinese-English Place Names